FREEMASONRY TODAY

Detail of The Ark of the Covenant still in use today
Specialists in Freemasonry
Yasha Beresiner completes his review of the Library and Museum at Freemasons' Hall, Dublin
One perennial legend associated with Irish Freemasonry is that of Mrs Elizabeth (Richard) Aldworth neé St Leger, ‘The Lady Freemason’. While very little of her story can be confirmed by solid documentation there is certainly evidence, according to the Grand Lodge of Ireland, of masonic activity relating to her story: she was very involved in masonic charitable work and a patron of the Craft during her lifetime.
Elizabeth St Leger was born in 1693, the fourth child and only daughter of 1st Viscount Doneraile. The story reports that she was caught in the act of spying in her father’s library in County Cork where a second-degree ceremony was taking place and at which her father was the Master; as a result of this, the story adds, she was initiated into Freemasonry some time around 1710-1713. She is buried in the cathedral in Cork and an apron attributed to her is today on display in the Provincial Grand Lodge of Munster, at Cork.
From the archives of Grand Lodge, with which our hostess Rebecca Hayes the Archivist is particularly familiar, she was able to retrieve for us what is believed to be Elizabeth Leger’s leather bound diary with a damaged cover and clasp and entries beginning 29 July 1753. The entries are in fact a record of recipes - the first a medical recipe for a cold - payments and receipts and transcripts of bills of exchange, several for considerable sums of money. The evidence that the notebook is the property of Elizabeth Aldworth herself is to be found in a loose sheet of paper inserted into the diaries in which the manuscript entries of several receipts are personally signed Eliz. Aldworth. For the 275th anniversary celebrations of the Grand Lodge in Ireland in 2000, the Museum purchased a contemporary painting of Mrs Richard Aldworth attributed to the Irish portrait artist Garret Morphy (fl.1676 - d.1716).
Though the Grand Lodge Museum does not own Elizabeth Aldworth’s original apron, it possesses a stupendous collection of early aprons made of silk, linen and pure lambskin, all of them decorated with the emblems and symbols of the Craft and other Orders. They are carefully protected and pleasingly displayed in frames on the wall and a dozen pull out trays, each carefully labelled and accurately dated.
Striking among the many examples is an intricately hand-embroidered apron with the familiar design of the allegorical figures of Charity, Truth and Prudence flanked by two columns. Interestingly the exact same design, now professionally engraved, is used as a transfer on an adjoining apron on display. The implication of this repetitive pattern is that there must have been, in the 1830s, a common source for these apron designs.
A large cabinet is dedicated to Irish Military Lodges with a display of the regimental banner, drums and lancets and other military artefacts dated 1796, of the first Volunteer Lodge of Ireland. The importance of these displays in the historic content of the development of Freemasonry worldwide cannot be over emphasised. It was Irish military Lodges that were the first to be given ambulatory warrants in 1732, referred to as ‘travelling lodge’ warrants in England. The beginnings of Freemasonry in the early 18th century in New South Wales and Tasmania as well as the West Indies is directly attributed to the introduction of the Craft to those territories by Irish Military Lodges.
The two central cabinets display some exceptional jewels, many manufactured in the late eighteenth century by the Irish jeweller and Freemason, James Brush. He specialised in masonic jewellery and an excellent example of the quality of his work is to be found in the large commemorative silver encrusted jewel, set with paste stones in a framework design, inscribed:
Presented to Charles Scales by the Brethren of Good Intent Lodge No.387
12th December 1811
James Brush’s commercial interests in producing jewels for the Grand Lodge and its officers also extended to his considerable interest in the charitable aspects of the Craft. He was instrumental in 1792 in the foundation, with members of Royal Arch Chapter, No. 190, of the ‘Society for Schooling of the Orphan Female Children of Distressed Masons’. This was later to become the ‘Masonic Female Orphan School’, which only closed its doors in 1972, followed by the Boys school in 1981. Dedicated rooms in the lower ground floor of Freemasons’ Hall pinpoint the emphasis that Grand Lodge placed on the Charities in past centuries. Here the walls are covered with photographs and illustrations that give a visual history of the activities of the orphanages and schools through the years.
One of the most popular events was the occasional open market, which culminated in a huge bazaar and ‘fancy fair’ over a five-day period in May 1892 to celebrate the centenary of the Orphan School Charity. It was specially organised by the Committee of Charity at the Royal Dublin Society premises to raise funds for a new building. A beautiful gold and enamel snuffbox by West & Sons, on exhibit in the Museum, was presented to Lord Justice Gerald Fitzgibbon, Chairman of the Centenary committee, to thank him for his efforts and commemorates the event. The lid depicts two children of the School dressed in the 1792 and 1892 uniforms respectively. Individual Lodges and Masons’ wives and children from the school ran the Bazaar stalls. The Duke of York Lodge, No. 25, produced the quaintest masonic attire ever fashioned for the ladies manning their stalls. Aprons were made to look like elongated versions of a standard masonic apron.
Some other of the excellent Irish medals and jewels have a ‘JT’ mark on them, referring to the well-known Dublin jeweller of the early 1800s, John Tate. The last of the medals that drew my attention in particular is the one dedicated to Dr William Chetwode Crawly (1844-1916).
Crawley was the greatest Irish masonic historian. His imposing portrait, painted whilst he acted as Grand Treasure of the Grand Lodge of Ireland between 1903 and 1908, hangs in the anteroom to the main Temple. Crawley is the author of the standard work on Irish Freemasonry Caementaria Hibernica. Of greatest relevance to our visit was that he was, with Francis Crossle, Grand Secretary in 1894, the instigator of the formation of a Grand Lodge Museum. A past Master of the Quatuor Coronati Lodge 2076 (EC), Crawley spent his life writing and collecting books. He died in 1916 and Grand Lodge purchased his Library of some twenty five hundred eighteenth and nineteenth century masonic books intact, for which purpose custom-made cabinets were built. Previously the Grand Lodge had purchased the important Furnell and Crosslé libraries and this new acquisition changed the status of the Grand Lodge library collection to one of major consequence and importance. The overall library now consists of some twelve thousand books.
The Crawley collection is given place of pride and is housed in the same purpose built cabinets in Rebecca’s office. The books have now been amalgamated with the remainder of the pre-1851 volumes and are now fully catalogued with extended entries. Rebecca took great pride in showing me the collection. The books cover the spectrum of masonic literature with considerable emphasis on Irish Freemasonry and the whole range of Constitutions, Exposures, Appendant Orders, Ritual and History as well as sections dedicated to Philosophy and Ethics, Ancient Mysteries, Symbolism, Fraternal organisations amongst others. A foreign section is arranged in geographical order by country. It includes several of the classical French and German texts. They are all well bound copies in good condition. The remainder of the library is more accessible to view. Some two thousand books are displayed on several glassed and locked shelves along the walls of the lounge bar on the ground floor.
On the way to the second floor we passed the outstanding stained glass windows on the landings. The four colourful side panels represent Faith, Hope, Charity and Patience and were made by J P Clarke and Sons. These were originally installed in the Masonic Female Orphan School between 1894 and 1902 and moved to Freemasons’ Hall in 1977, when the school closed. The large central panel has the portrait of Shakespeare and is dated 1916. The Shakespeare Lodge and Chapter No.143, donated the glass pane to commemorate the tercentenary of the death of Shakespeare on 23rd April 1616. It is also in memory of those who lost their lives in the 1914-1918 war.
The Museum and Library at the Grand Lodge of Ireland in Dublin is easy to view and understand, and fascinating to study. It is in the capable hands of professionals, efficiently and conscientiously run. Rebecca showed us that you do not have to be a Freemason to show fraternal love for masonic objects and books - and your guests.
Whilst out of the main Museum room, we had the opportunity to view the several Lodge rooms in the building, each decorated in its own, different architectural style and each dedicated to an Order beyond the Craft. On the first floor opposite the Grand Temple is the little corridor that leads to the colourful, if not extravagant Egyptian Chapter room, fully decorated in plush red upholstery. Hand coloured sphinxes and pharaoh-heads act as seven-branch-candelabra wall-stands; it is not called the Egyptian room for nothing. The Mark degree, totally under the wing of the Supreme Grand Chapter of Ireland, also has a dedicated room, which at first appears an anomaly as all the ‘action’ for the order normally takes place in Chapter. As it is, the room portraying paintings of the Grand Masters of the Order, is in use on those rare occasions when the degree is separately worked or conferred.
As we approached the Knights Templar Room, an additional small stained glass panel has been embedded into the wall and is visible from both sides. It is the gift made to the Grand Priory by H R H Albert Edward Prince of Wales, Grand Master of the Religious and Military Orders of the Temple and is dated 7 April 1873, the sad year of the failed attempt to unite the various chivalric orders under one single roof. The purpose-built room dedicated to the Order of the Knights Templar is sombre and impressive, with heavy wooden seats and a well-equipped altar. Through the adjoining corridor we reached the Grand Chapter of Prince Masons Room dedicated to the Ancient and Accepted Rite and decorated in a mixture of mock Tudor and Gothic Styles. A very recent Temple in the building has been dedicated to Knight Masonry, with which we are not familiar in England. It was founded in 1923 and contains the Degrees that are worked under the jurisdiction of the Grand Council of Knight Masons who are headed by a Great Chief. The degrees worked are The Knight Of The Sword, The Knight Of The East and The Knight Of The East And West. The purpose of the Order is to give a semblance of chronological continuity to the various Orders and degrees of Freemasonry.
The Hall is open to the public weekdays 9.30 to 5.00pm and for guided tours for groups by prior arrangement. For details please call (353)1676 1337 and ask for Rebecca Hayes. Website www.irish-freemasons.org
Photographs by Michael Baigent.
Issue 35, Winter 2005/06
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